Improvement in drill-bits and reamers



P MW 5 r d. Drill-Bit & Reamer. NO. 1219223. 2 Pi ten ted Nov- 21,1871.

PATENT QFFIGE.

7 PETER M. WARD, OF COW RUN, OHIO.

IMPROVEMENT IN DRILL-BITS AND REAMERS.

Specification forming part of Letters Patent No. 121,223, dated November21, 1871.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that 1, PETER M. WARD, of 00w Run, in the county ofWashington and State of Ohio, have invented a new and valuableImprovement in Oil Tools, known as (lombinati on Bit and Reamer; and Ido hereby declare that the following is a full, clear, and exactdescription of the construction and operation of the same, referencebeing had to the annexed drawing making a part of this specification,and to the letters and figures of reference marked thereon.

Figure 1 of the drawing is a front view of my invention. Fig. 2 is aside view of the same. Fig. 3 is avertical section. Fig. etis ahorizontal section.

My invention has relation to means for facilitating the boring of wells;and consists in attaching to the drill-shank one or more reamingbits,thereby rendering practicable the use of a small drill-bit, even fromthe commencement of the boring operation.

In order to render the following explanation plain, it is necessary tostate that in consequence of the softness of the rock it is constantlycrumbling into the opening made through it by the drill. Hence it isnecessary to line the opening with tubular casings, and to facilitatethe introduction of these sectional tubes the opening is formed in thecommencement by a drill of large diameter, which is replaced by otherssuccessively, decreasing in size as the boring progresses, until theultimate depth is reached. It is evident that the last bit used must beconsiderably smaller than the first. My invention is designed to obviatethe necessity of changing the bits, the boring being commenced andfinished by a drill of the same size, which is the smallest size usuallyemployed to finish the bottom of the well in the oil-rock.

A of the drawing represents the small drillingbit, provided with acollar, to, and screw 12, and arranged to be secured in the box 0 of thebar D. B designates the reamingbit, angular in form, and projectingoutward and downward from the bar D. The cutting-edge of the bit issufficient- 1y distant from the bar D to cut above the small openingmade by the drill A a shoulder of the diameter required to admit thetubular casing. D is a rectangular bar, having at its lower end the box0 and at its upper end a collar, d, and

screw or other connecting device, whereby it may be secured to the lowersection of shafting. N ear the upper part of the bar is an expansion, 0,havon each side'two longitudinal channels, a u, dovetail in theircross-section and tapering upward, into which the ends of the reamer Band guide are inserted. E represents the guide, a bar of tempered steel,gently curved both vertically and laterally on its outer edge. From thecenter of the bar D the distance to the outer edge of the guide, at thepoint of its greatest thickness, is equal to one-half the diameter ofthe drill A, and as it extends down into the small openingformed by thisdrill it serves to keep the reamer up to its work. F represents a sleevepassing over the expansion of the bar D and the ends of the reamer andguide, and serving to keep them firmly in place. G is a collar, arrangedto screw down over the ends of the reamer and guide, above the sleeve F,and serving to secure them. In order to remove the reamer or guide fordressing purposes it is necessary to unscrew the collar G, when they maybe drawn out downward. Durin g the initial boring, until the wallcommences to crumble, a second reaming-bit may be employed instead ofthe guide. The second reamer should be of less extent than its fellow,so that each will have its own apportioned work. Where the nature of therock is favorable several such reamers of different sizes may beattached along the bar D, so dividing up the Work of cutting the largeopening that it will be accomplished with great rapidity. When the rockcommences to crumble and fall in, the guide should be attached,otherwise the reamer will be forced from its work.

What I claim as my invention, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is

The combination, With the drill-shaft D, provided with the expansion '0and dovetail channels u a, of the sleeve F and screw-collar G, whenconstructed substantially as and for the purposes shown and described.

In testimony that I claim the above I have hereunto subscribed my namein the presence of two witnesses.

PETER M. WARD.

Witnesses A. W. MCCORMICK, S. J. HATHAWAY. (124)

